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(Britannica, 2021 )Īfghanistan’s ascendancy to the mainstream global political spectrum came as a result of America’s denouncement of terrorism and the beginning of the war on terror. What followed was a prolonged and protracted conflict in which not only the Afghan people but the people of neighboring Pakistan were also deeply affected in adverse ways. This all saw a radical change when during the height of the Cold War the Soviet Union, seeking to gain inroads in to South Asia invaded Afghanistan. Despite its rich history Afghanistan was primarily distinguished along the lines of a tribalistic society with consistent conflict over land, domestic feuds and scarcity of resources. It housed the rulers who invaded across to the rich plains of India in search of arable land for cultivation and for its natural resources. Afghanistan before the dawn of modernism was home to one of history’s notorious empires. Economic woes combined with rigid social norms and values have all contributed to a dwindling state marred by conflict. Home to many ethnicities, the Afghan conflict has also impacted various ethnic groups disproportionately with many ethnic minorities becoming victims. It’s political and social landscape has been affected by continuous struggle to attain power by warring warlords. The state of Afghanistan has seen consistent and prolonged conflicts throughout its history. Its influence, in the cultural, political, societal and economic spheres shall be further explored in the ensuing paragraphs of this essay.
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Being a pivotal state in terms of key foreign policy objectives of states such as United States and Soviet Union, Afghanistan has seen change due to globalization. Afghanistan in this regard hasn’t been averse to the changes effectively induced by globalization. Countries such as African and South Asian states utilized international institutions, communication technologies in order to further their social, political and economic interests (Hamidi, 2015 ). For these 3 rd World states where political and economic capital was deficient in terms of influencing regional and global dynamics, they sought to further their geo-political objectives through increased trade, cooperation, cultural diplomacy and providing their strategic assets for more influential states to utilize. Globalization in 3 rd world countries saw an interesting and significant transformation where nations sought to gain advantage of the political and economic expansion which came as a result of increased connectivity of markets and political institutions. From state to non-state actors all have been impacted by globalization. Globalization has also had a significant influence in the manipulation, coordination and control of all manner of discourse directed at various prominent political figures. Big technological cooperation’s were able to exercise influence in the social media space and enable a conducive environment of presentation of various discourses. The information revolution which came as a result of increase in technological prowess and development of communication technologies has led to the creation of virtual communication spaces. Of the key aspects in the concept of globalization is the creation of state institutions which have allowed for monitoring, control and economic investments thus enabling greater connectivity with the people across the globe. It has led to the creation of multiple influential actors, rise of the information revolution and the formation of various instruments enabling cooperation and interdependence. Globalization is often considered as one of the most important and transformative events in the 21 st century.